The STNR Reflex: Why It Matters for Your Child’s Development
The Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) is a crucial primitive reflex that plays a key role in a baby’s movement and motor development. While it serves an essential function in early life, if it remains active beyond infancy, it can lead to challenges in coordination, learning, and attention.
What Is the STNR?
The STNR is a reflex that typically emerges around 6–9 months of age and should integrate by 12 months. It helps babies transition from lying on their bellies to crawling by linking head and body movements.
The reflex works in two key ways:
-When the head moves forward (flexion) – The arms bend, and the legs straighten.
-When the head moves backward (extension) – The arms straighten, and the legs bend.
This movement pattern helps babies develop postural control, preparing them for crawling and eventually sitting, standing, and walking.
Why Is the STNR Important?
The STNR plays a critical role in gross motor development and posture. It helps babies develop the strength and coordination needed for crawling, which is essential for later skills like reading, writing, and focus.
When the STNR integrates properly, children can move fluidly, sit upright, and develop good hand-eye coordination. However, if it remains retained beyond the first year of life, it may contribute to a range of developmental challenges.
Signs of a Retained STNR
If the STNR is not integrated, children may struggle with:
1. Poor Posture & Coordination
-Slouching or difficulty sitting upright
-Awkward movement patterns (e.g., w-sitting, toe-walking)
-Trouble balancing or switching between movements
2. Learning & Attention Challenges
-Difficulty copying from the board (head movement disrupts focus)
-Trouble sitting still in a chair without fidgeting
-Challenges with reading and tracking words on a page
3. Gross & Fine Motor Difficulties
-Delayed crawling or skipping crawling entirely
-Poor hand-eye coordination (struggles with catching, writing, or using utensils)
-Clumsiness and frequent falls
How to Integrate a Retained STNR
If a child shows signs of a retained STNR, specific exercises can help integrate the reflex and improve coordination, focus, and posture. Working with an occupational therapist or reflex integration specialist can provide a tailored approach to help a child overcome STNR-related challenges. Early support can make a big difference in their development and confidence!